An artificial retina can restore the vision of the blind?

Patients with blindness caused by retinitis pigmentosa can now get a light-detecting microchip implanted in one of their retinas. A sight-restoring implant approved for sale in the European Union on Wednesday is the second artificial retina to become available in the region.

The device is called Alpha IMS and features a light-sensitive three-millimeter square microchip that detects images with photodiodes and communicates the information electrically to nerve cells in the retina. The device has been approved to treat patients blinded by a degenerative eye condition called retinitis pigmentosa, which causes the rods and cones of the retina to die over time.

Another artificial retina system, made by a California company, has been available in Europe since 2011. This system - the Argus II - uses a camera mounted on spectacles to detect light and communicates that information to an implant in the retina. The Alpha IMS requires no externally visible gear. Each system also requires a different kind of surgery for implantation in the retina—the surgery for the Argus II takes about 3 hours, whereas the surgery for the Alpha IMS takes up to 10.

The vision restored by both technologies is far from complete and varies widely from patient to patient. Some report being able to see slow-moving cars, open doorways, and household objects, while others don’t experience any improvement. Still, experts are hopeful that these early versions of retina prostheses will one day be replaced by better models, which will restore the vision of RT patients fully.

Read more about the artificial retina here.